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Monday, July 28, 2003

Uma visita breve a mim mesmo, algumas notas, e outros tantos agradecimentos.

Tenho a agradecer ao Hank e Papoila por colocarem este recantinho nas suas listas de links. Sinceramente, e penso que isto não se passará com a maioria dos blogadores, não faço a mínima ideia de quem lê este blog, nem a razão pela qual o faz, ou ainda mais esotericamente, porque volta.
Sim, e desculpem a imodéstia, não dou pontapés ultrajantes na gramática, mas este é um diário, uma forma de me obrigar a mim mesmo a registar as memórias que mais tarde gostarei de ter e rever, e ao mesmo tempo, um desejo imenso de partilhar algo com alguém que nem sei quem é. Talvez seja altura de reservar um quarto no Miguel Bombarda para mim.

Vim de férias, mas vou novamente no final da semana. Sim, eu sou daqueles que, segundo o Pacheco Pereira, não fico em casa a ler e a poupar como a formiguinhas, mas encarno a mais vil das personagens constantes de conhecidíssimas fábulas. Sim, choquem-se, vou laurear a pevide e tentar descansar um pouco a cabeça com divertimento irresponsável alternado com alguma calma. Mas levo livros para ler. Não que isso ao olhar do amigo Pereira me desculpe, mas olhem, é o que temos.

Vou tentar actualizar alguma coisa no local para onde vou, mas as probabilidades não são grandes. É o que dá ser um teso crónico e não poder comprar um portátil. Mas talvez lá chegue, e sobretudo, me livre das amarras ( cliché eu sei, mas é o cansaço) em que se transforma a escrita á secretária.


Desejo a todos um bom Verão. Cigarras, formigas... e ornitorrincos perguntadores. Aqueles que nunca cessam de perguntar mentalmente ao criador acerca da ideia exacta que lhes estaria reservada. Um pouco como cada um de nós, afinal de contas.

Grande Abraço a todos e todas.
Se desejarem, digam qualquer coisa. Se há coisa que não consigo fazer é deixar de ver o mail, ainda que este quase nunca traga alguma coisa...



Thursday, July 17, 2003

Yahoo!!!
Não, não se trata do motor de busca, mas a minha expressão americanizada pela ultrapassagem ds duzentas visitas.
Partindo do princípio de que quarenta são minhas, e cento e vinte devem ser enganos, restam trinta alminhas que perderam os tais 2.30 minutos a vasculhar o baú.
Quem serão?
Aproveito no entanto para agradecer ao Cruzes Canhoto, à Ana, à Dunyaze, à Catarina , ao Almocreve das PetasLena e aos restantes que possam de alguma forma ter anexado à sua lista este blog algo inconsequente.

O meu sincero obrigado!

Abraços!


Acho que toda a gente já disse o que havia a dizer.
O Herman José transformou-se em algo que nem sequer sei o que é. Algo que não tem a ver com o desconcertante e hilariante humorista que me faz ver e rever as cassetes caruchosas que lá tenho do Tal Canal e Herman Enciclopédia e rir ás bandeiras despregadas. Do engenheiro Calote Saraiva, produtor dos misseis com cartuchos, ao incomparável Diácono Remédios, Herman era todo ele génio, com a capacidade de dar vida a algo que, através de outros, dificilmente provocaria um décimo da hilariedade da qual só ele era capaz.

Hoje em dia tem o cabelo pintado, assemelhando-se assustadoramente ao Roberto Leal, e tem pautado o seu programa por uma espécie de cruzamento entre o "É incrível!" e o "Jerry Springer", com lixo televisivo da pior espécie. Bateu-se no fundo com o aproveitamento do rapaz que ficou conhecido como o "Emplastro", uma pessoa portadora de deficiência mental, mas penso que a situação da Linda Reis, (do qual vi cerca de dois minutos e que resultou na decisao irrevogável de deixar de ver o programa em causa. ) já tinha sido merecedora desse epíteto.
Não vi o referido programa. Não sei o que se passou com o dito "Emplastro". Nem vou querer ver. Mas Herman já não se contenta em bater no fundo, mas cavar mais um bocado do buraco negro em que se tornou a sua suposta actividade profisional.
Onde anda o Rebéubeu Pardais ao Ninho, programa de rádio fabuloso de German e seus co-protagonistas de sempre?
Onde anda o Tal Canal e o seu assombroso "Viva a Coltura"?
Onde anda o décimo Mandamento de Lauro Dérmio, onde reza que não se deve pirilamparar a mulher do próximo.
Onde anda o homem que Miguel Esteves Cardoso designou na noite da má lingua como o mais engraçado de Portugal?
Não sei.
Só espero que ele se aperceba e dê um pontapé na decadência, ao estilo que a sua inteligência e capacidade nos habituou no passado.

Aqui jaz Herman. Que personifique Lázaro o mais rapidamente possível!!!!

Abraços


Uma Descoberta Tardia mas Maravilhosa

Para um amante convicto de Banda Desenhada como eu, o facto de só ter visitado a BD Mania, (na Rua das Floes, no Bairro Alto) na terça feira coloca-me num estatuto quase herético para os apreciadores desta arte.
Para quem goste de Banda Desenhada, aconselho vivamente a visita a esta loja, ou devo dizer, a este templo de variedade e qualidade.
Desde Neil Gaiman com os seus magníficos Black Orchid e o insuperável Sandman, a tudo e mais alguma coisa de Alan Moore, (que fez recentemente 50 anos e é algo parecido com o Rob Zombie), passando por Will Eisner e a colecção completa dos arquivos de Spirit, e obviamente, tendo em atenção os clássicos como Borgeoun, Bilal, Maltese, etc, tudo perfeitamente organizado num espaço agradável e com a malta que atende sempre pronta a dar informações e sugestões com solicitude.
A unica advertência que faço é para a carteira. Não que os amigos da BDMania encareçam muito as edições. O problema são os custos de importações e o pagamento de direitos de autor de tudo quanto aparece vindo de terras do Tio Sam. E convenhamos que 30 Euros por cada volume do Sandman é algo de complicado para um teso crónico como eu.
Seja como for, a cultura, pelo menos neste país, nunca foi barata, por isso, tal engulho não serve como desculpa para evitar uma visita a este magnífico local e ter aquela sensação maravilhosa que seria imaginar a capacidade financeira para colocar toda aquela loja num camião e levar para casa.
BDMania - Local imprescindível para quem pretende encontrar qualidade e quantidade de Banda Desenhada. A Fnac, nos seus melhores dias, não chega sequer ás solas dos pés desta loja. Continuem rapazes!

Abraço


No outro dia resolvi pensar em relacionamentos difíceis. E conheço alguns, acreditem. No entanto fixei-me num feito de disparidades. Que sem surpresas, não durou...
Não julgo que exista panaceia que resolva problemas quando as divergências chegam ao âmago da reacção emocional. É complicadíssimo arranjar uma justificação genérica, quando a fundamentação dos medos e desejos é tão separada e diferente entre duas pessoas supostamente no mesmo barco. Especialmente quando ambos têm uma forte tendência para defenderem o feudo não por teimosia, mas por uma entrega inevitável ao que lhes parecia mais imediato.
Segundo um amigo meu, os detalhes tendem a esbater-se e a passar de argumentos reconciliadores a pomos de discórdia porque tudo bate ali. Naquilo que de alguma forma e em ultima instância não conhecia palavras, formatos, sons ou metáforas, mas um pressentimento. Um pressentimento que não procurava nada senão um reflexo de um querer rombo, surdo e extremamente forte. E isso era algo que, ou muito me engano, ou nenhum deles seria capaz de dar ao outro na justa medida.
Eu cá não tinha dúvida alguma de que eles gostavam muito um do outro, e que a história ainda não estava contada. Mas existem certos determinismos que não radicam na racionalidade, por muito paradoxal que pareça. São como as tempestades. Pressentem-se. Sabe-se que chegarão. Tão simples como isso. Como qualquer juízo pré-cognitivo da morte, certo?

Abraços




Falt(ima)a de Vergonha

É impressionante a situação que ronda a situação de Fátima Felgueiras. É absolutamente inacreditável que este senhora ainda receba o ordenado, e além disso, tenha o desplante de dizer que espera que o TC revogue a medida de coacção para que possa apresentar a sua defesa em liberdade.
Aliás, a ex-autarca ( será ex ou efectiva?) de Felgueiras mostra a cada dia passado no Brasil, a certa e adequada aplicação da medida de coacção máxima permitida pelo Código de Processo Penal.
Enfim, quando a vergonha não existe, passa a valer tudo. Felgueiras dixit...

Abraços


Tuesday, July 15, 2003

Bem sei que os elevados e cultíssimos dominadores da suposta cultura poderão torcer o nariz, mas se puderem, não percam a possibilidade de ler "On Writing" da autoria do meu homónimo.

Este volume reúne uma autobiografia extremamente ritmada, honesta e mesmo tocante, a uma espécie de jornada pelo ofício da escrita, sobre o que é ser escritor e alguns conselhos despretenciosos sobre a arte e sobretudo uma glorificação daquilo que para mim parece um argumento inabalável.

Escrever pelo amor e honestidade perante o desejo de contar uma história.

"It is the tale, not he who tells it", o meu homónimo dixit. E para mim tem toda a razão.

Abraços!


Desde que coloquei o contador, verifiquei o chamado ritmo de visitas, e as referências que designam o impulso originário da presença, ou seja, os incautos que por cá cairam, e segundo o site metter, perderam 3.49 minutos em média a ver o que por cá se dizia.
Estou a passos largos das 200 visitas, sendo que um terço é provavelmente minha, para verificar possíveis comentários. Que é coisa que também não existe, provavelmente por simpatia e educação dos visitantes.
Mas um blog não é pregar no deserto. Para mim é um diário onde a informação que se retém e os disparates próprios originaraão sorrisos amarelos mais tarde.
Mas deixemo-nos de merdas. É uma forma de tentar comunicar e chegar até alguém. De nos tornarmos vistos, de transcendermos a conversa com o eco.
E nem o mais eremita e misantropo autor, seja do que for, conseguirá alguma vez convencer-me do seu suposto desejo sincero de nunca verificar o impacto ou reacção perante aquilo que de si se exterioriza. Pacheco Pereira já o disse, e concordo com ele, provando que a excepção só confirma a regra.

Abraços




Há um elemento de tal forma indefinível no contorno de determinadas pessoas, que as tentativas de o expressar assemelham-se a um toque leve quando o intuito pode ser, por exemplo, erótico.
Há uma boa intenção, mas desadequada. Porque a manifestação do que nos maravilha, também nos ultrapassa. E a inconsequência das oscilação dos nossos quereres torna-nos ocasionalmente cegos para o que é uma enorme e brilhante luz, com uma silhueta de túnel muito lá ao fundo...

Abraços


Monday, July 14, 2003

" O Crítico acha que a educação não pode estar entregue aos privados. Que legitimidade é que o estado tem para me cobrar impostos para educar os meus filhos?" - In Liberdade de Expressão

Esta frase é particularmente irónica quando emerge de alguém que dá aulas numa faculdade estatal... Mas enfim, o peixe morre sempre pela boca, não é?

Abraços!


Friday, July 11, 2003

Uma pessoa não tem de se esforçar para ridicularizar a sociedade americana.
Eles fazem um excelente trabalho sozinhos, acreditem.
É de tal forma rídicula a ideia subjacente a este tipo de legislação, que qualquer comentário acerca da óbvia liberdade que cada um dispõe de regular a sua vida pessoal como entende assemelha-se ao efeito da água lançada contra uma parede de granito...

Leiam e acreditem...
Medo, muito medo...

Abraços!

Miss., 6 states uphold alienation of affection laws
By Barbara Powell
The Associated Press

Mississippi is one of the few states that's still in the business of policing broken hearts.

Missouri's Supreme Court recently struck down that state's alienation of affection law as archaic, but Mississippi's high court has upheld the right to seek damages from love thieves.

"It's still a viable cause of action in civil cases," Mississippi Assistant Attorney General Jonathan Compretta said.

In fact, as recently as 2001, state courts have approved damages as high as $100,000 to compensate a spouse for the loss of love.

Compretta said Mississippi courts aren't bound by the Missouri ruling in dealing with alienation of affection cases, but the ruling could be cited as a reason for denying such cases if the courts chose to.

There is no actual law on the books in Mississippi dealing with alienation of affection. Rather, it is a common law tort. It would take a court ruling or action by the Legislature to eliminate it as a cause of action.

States increasingly have been abolishing alienation of affection torts, which have been around since 1864 and were based originally on the view that a wife was the property of her husband. Later, the laws were expanded to allow wives equal right to sue for the loss of affection.

Today, courts and legislatures in all but seven states have abolished the use of these lawsuits: Besides Mississippi, the other states that still allow them are Illinois, Hawaii, New Mexico, North Carolina, South Dakota and Utah.

A North Carolina appeals court in late June upheld a $500,000 punitive judgment in a case in which a man sued his wife's former college sweetheart for having an affair with the woman.

Mississippi's Supreme Court in 2001 abolished another so-called "heart balm" tort when it ruled that plaintiffs can't bring so-called criminal conversation cases seeking damages because of adultery.

But that same year, the high court declined on a 7-1 decision to abolish the alienation of affection tort on the grounds that the "marital relationship was an important element in the foundation of society and to abolish tort of alienation of affection would, in essence, send the message that the Supreme Court was devaluing the marital relationship."

The lone dissenting justice, Chuck McRae, wrote that it was archaic to "put a price tag on the heart: and that the "judicial system cannot be called upon to make one spouse love another."

Unlike in criminal conversation cases, plaintiffs seeking damages for alienation of affection don't have to prove that the defendant had sexual intercourse with the plaintiff's spouse.

"You don't have to prove adultery — with or without the act of intercourse, there can be alienation of affection," said N. Shelton Hand Jr., a law professor at Mississippi College and an expert on Mississippi family law

A Cavalaria tarda, e ainda por cima, falha...

Os comentadores apoiantes da tese das armas de destruição maciça andam calados que nem ratos... Porque será?
Porque será que aqueles que disseram ás bandeiras despregadas que era óbvia a existências de tais armas simplesmente não admitem o erro publicamente?
Estavam enganados. Gaita, toda a gente se engana na vida.
Muito pior é a postura do assobio e olhar alheio, como quem nem se dá conta...

Abraços


Thursday, July 10, 2003

Aos meus amigos.
Aos que de alguma forma ajudam a entender a razão pela qual cada passo que dou não tem um determinismo necessario, mas pode ser apenas uma expressão de algo que eles, estranhamente, aprenderam a gostar e acarinhar.
Às suas transigências tolerantes, e intransigências protectoras. Ao entendimento dos disparates e discussão do caminho a seguir pelos desejos e anseios.
A quem sorri pelo simples facto de eu lá estar. Outro grande mistério.

Um forte abraço!




Amigos Do Prof. César das Neves, Vertente Desporto

Gaffes tão idiotas, preconceituosas e primárias que, á semelhança das opiniões do Prof. César das Neves sobre comportamento e orientação sexual e temas relativos, só podem dar para rir e demonstrar a pequenez mental própria de horizontes "pala de cavalo" de quem as profere.

Confiram. Vale mesmo a pena. Chamo a atenção para ultima quanto ao papel das mulheres no golf... É parvoíce vintage...

Abraços!

There will not be any heat for this Baker


By Tom Knott - in Washington Times



No all-out media deluge is coming to Dusty Baker.
He is not going to lose his managerial job with the Cubs. He is not going to be required to apologize. There is not going to be an outpouring of condemnation.
The thought police are not looking to banish him to the margins of society, drawing up the paperwork that results in his dismissal.
You know the drill, going back to Al Campanis.
But not this time. Not this week. Relax.
Baker is cool. He is all right. Stop pestering him. Let the man enjoy life.
We'll get the next one, as long as he meets the necessary requirements.
This dishonest process is inevitably dependent on the color of the person's skin.
In this case, fortunately, Baker rates a free pass in the national press because of his politically sacred skin tone. The outcome is acceptable, just not the basis behind it.
Baker, the part-time social scientist, believes blacks and Latinos have a pigment advantage over whites in baseball's summer months.
He apparently has come to this conclusion through years of anecdotal evidence, if not statistical analysis. Baseball, after all, is the one game that collects statistics on everything.
Baker sounds like a manager who possibly digests statistics along racial lines, no unimportant detail if one of his lighter-skinned players is flirting with heatstroke in the latter stages of a one-run game.
"We were brought over here for the heat," Baker said Saturday. "Isn't that history? Your skin color is more conducive to heat than it is to the lighter-skinned people. I don't see brothers running around burnt."
This depends on the burnt brother, assuming Wacko Jacko is still considered a brother after he caught on fire while filming a Pepsi commercial in 1984.
You can go wherever you want with Baker's insight on the various human responses to the sun.
You do see an awful lot of white faces in the winter sports, whatever that means, if it means anything to Baker. Who knows? Who cares?
That is the point, often ignored if the subject is vulnerable to attacks from the left.
Baker said what he said, and he is standing by what he said, and if you are offended by what he said, then that is your problem.
Go see a therapist. Join a support group. Have a group hug. Do what you need to do to feel better.
Here's another suggestion: We could take this moment to be less sensitive and a whole lot more fair with our free-speech interpretations.
We tend to celebrate the free speech of those antiwar protesters who disrupt traffic, create a public disturbance and compare President Bush to Hitler. We tend to think it is almost neat if someone burns the American flag.
Yet we often go looking for pink slips or some form of retribution if the free speech is drafted from a member of an unprotected group, even if the person's words are made in jest or in the heat of the moment and threaten no one but the political activist groups paid to take offense.
John Rocker could run, but he could not hide from an interview he granted to Sports Illustrated in 1999. Wherever he went, however he performed, Rocker was enveloped in the foul odor of his comments.
As far as bad career moves go, Rocker would have been better off to be a drug addict than a full-of-himself ace reliever with a penchant for flippancy and politically incorrect observations. At least as a recovering drug addict, Rocker would have been granted the mushy-headed sympathies of the chattering class.
No exhaustive parsing is really necessary in these matters, as long as you consider the source. Baker is a baseball guy, nothing more than that, who is entitled to his opinions, accurate or not. The same can be said of all those purveyors of ill-advised comments in recent years.
The collection reveals a misaligned playing field that comes with footnotes, qualifiers and asterisks.
The bold will thump their chests in defense of the antiwar views of Tim Robbins and Susan Sarandon, two relatively inane thinkers from Hollywood put on waivers by baseball last spring.
Yet they are horrified if Rocker objects to New York City's multicultural stew, suggesting it would be beneficial if he attended the Falkland Islands Pride Day, or this or that Pride Day.
Baker represents a half right.
He is being spared the mind-bending assault of the national press not because we recognize the hypocrisy of it but because he has a get-out-of-jail card in his possession.
Good for him. Too bad if the next person in Baker's position lacks his impregnable armor.

A GALLERY OF GAFFES
"No, I don't believe it's prejudice. I truly believe that they may not have some of the necessities to be, let's say, a field manager, or perhaps a general manager."
— Dodgers vice president Al Campanis, in a 1987 interview with Ted Koppel on "Nightline," commenting on the small number of minorities in managerial and front office positions in baseball.

"The black is the better athlete. And he practices to be the better athlete, and he's bred to be the better athlete because this goes back to the slave period. The slave owner would breed this big black with this big black woman, so he could have a big black kid. That's where it all started."
— CBS broadcaster Jimmy "the Greek" Snyder, 1988.

Hitler "was good in the beginning, but he went too far."
— Reds owner Marge Schott (right), 1996.

"That little boy is driving well and he's putting well. You pat him on the back and say congratulations and enjoy it and tell him not to serve fried chicken next year. ... Or collard greens or whatever the hell they serve."
— Golfer Fuzzy Zoeller (right), joking in 1997 about the potential cuisine of champion Tiger Woods at the Masters' championship dinner the following year.

Blacks "like to sing and dance." Whites "know how to tap into money." Hispanics "are gifted at family structure. You can see a Hispanic person and he can put 20 or 30 people in one home." Asians can "turn a television into a watch." American Indians "have been gifted in spirituality."
— NFL player and ordained minister Reggie White, 1998.

"I would retire first. It's the most hectic, nerve-wracking city. Imagine having to take the [No.] 7 train to the ballpark, looking like you're [riding through] Beirut next to some kid with purple hair next to some queer with AIDS right next to some dude who just got out of jail for the fourth time right next to some 20-year-old mom with four kids. It's depressing."
— Baseball pitcher John Rocker (right), in 1999 on the prospect of playing with one of the two New York City teams.

"Jews are stubborn. Why did they persecute Jesus unless he knew something they didn't want to accept? They had his blood on their hands. Then they spit in Jesus' face and hit him with their fists. There are Christians getting persecuted by Jews every day."
— NBA player Charlie Ward, 2001.

"Go drink another beer, you Mexican piece of [bleep]."
— Nuggets coach Dan Issel, in 2001 to a heckler in the stands following a loss.

"Tell Yao Ming: 'Ching-chong-yang-wah-ah-soh.' "
— NBA player, part-time comedian Shaquille O'Neal (right), 2003.

"Let's face facts, lesbians in the sport hurt women's golf. It's paraded. There's a defiance in them in the past decade. ... Women are handicapped by having [breasts]. It's not easy for them to keep their left arm straight, and that's one of the tenets of the game."
— CBS golf analyst Ben Wright, 1995.




Em primeiro lugar, espero que o Pipi possa de alguma forma ter acesso a esta pequena resenha histórica desse fenómeno caracteristicamente siamês, juntando masoquismo o prazer voyeuristico.
Em segundo lugar, e ao contrário do que pensa muita gente, as grandes mentes também são humanas, e bem humanas, a julgar por este documento, e afinal de contas, acaba por ser tudo em nome da ciência, que em ultima análise, é serva do homem.

Abraços!





"A BRIEF HISTORY OF LAPDANCING


Jul 9 2003


A NEW SLANT ON THE BESTSELLER

By Nick Webster


Non-scientists may have been surprised to hear that Stephen Hawking spent five hours last weekend watching strippers in Stringfellows.

The 61-year-old Lucasian Professor of Mathematics was particularly taken with the charms of a 19-year-old pole dancer named Tiger.

But far from being a seedy night out, we believe the evening was the culmination of Prof Hawking's research for his next bestseller. The Daily Mirror has obtained a sneak preview, which we reprint in full today...

THE Big Bang happened, as far as we can be sure, in 1995, when Britain's first lapdancing club, For Your Eyes Only, opened in a warehouse in North London.

For many scientists, it was the first time they had been so close to a naked woman standing on a table. Or, indeed, any naked woman.

But it was the culmination of thousands of years of diligent research, dating back to the dawn of scientific study.

Ever since the earliest days of learning, when Pythagoras drew curves in the sand, scholars have not shrunk from asking the big question: "How can we meet naked girls?"

The first recorded experiment with a scientist and nudity involved Archimedes running naked through the streets of Syracuse, Italy, shouting "Eureka!" It was not judged a success but it established early on that it would be best if scientists kept their clothes on.

More than a 1,000 years passed before Galileo invented the telescope in the hope of peering into a nearby convent.

And it was several hundred years more before Sir Isaac Newton formalised the study of naked ladies in his seminal publication, Principia Table Dancia.

Its most important conclusion states that if women take their clothes off, men will pay money to watch.

But it would be centuries before anyone could see any practical application of Newton's discoveries.

Crucial to the breakthrough was Einstein's carefully formulated equation E=MC2, where E is Eagerness to spend a lot of money and MC represents the amount of Moet et Chandon champagne consumed.

Although there were by now strip joints in every city, eminent physicists still lacked any way they could visit them without ending their careers.




GENIUS: Professor Hawking (centre)

While desperate young scientists wore their fingers to the bone trying to imagine a way they might be able to watch girls strip and keep their research funding, the crucial work, as is so often the case, was being done by an amateur.

Alan Whitehead, former drummer with 70s band Marmalade, realised that what stripping needed was a different name.

He stated Whitehead's Theorem as he opened For Your Eyes Only: "Sure they take their clothes off but they're not strippers. They're dancers."

It was the discovery the world of science had been waiting for. Less than a decade later, there are around 300 lap-dancing clubs in the UK, and the industry is now worth £300million a year.

The boom has also brought new scientists to the fore, led by the eminent ageing lothario Peter Stringfellow.

After a succession of relationships with lapdancers, the 62-year-old has made a revolutionary discovery.

Stringfellow's Law states that time moves at completely different speed for dancer and customer.

The three-minute performances take an eternity for the girls, who pass the time deciding what colour to paint their toenails.

For the paying punter the close encounter of the naked kind goes by, well, in a flash.

Led by Stringfellow, a host of great minds have devoted their leisure hours to this subject.

Among the most dedicated students are Robbie Williams, Irish movie star Colin Farrell, Mick Hucknall, Jack Nicholson and Radio 1 DJ Chris Moyles.

Some students are so committed to the science of lapdancing that they take their work home with them to private labs - usually hotel rooms - for closer, more intimate study.

Fortunately for mankind, the results of their studies are meticulously recorded and published in peer-reviewed journals.

It is only thanks to these reports - known in the field as "kiss-and-tells" - that we now understand that lapdancer Karen Butler believes Lee Ryan from Blue to be a better lover than Leonardo DiCaprio.

Or that dancer Emma Gibson found Blackburn's Dwight Yorke so boring she asked for a cup of tea instead.

Last year England's football hopes were demolished by the discovery, by Manchester dancer Lisa Collins, that Ronaldhino was "like a pneumatic drill" between the sheets.

It's through research like this that dancers themselves have become big names in chemistry labs up and down the country.

The latest dancer to shoot to fame is Essex girl Jodie Marsh.

All these great advances have not come cheap, though. Dancer after dancer has struggled against, and lost, Newton's law of gravity.

Mathematicians from all over the country have raced to determine the optimum distance between lapdancer and customer.

Too close and there is a danger of spontaneous, premature explosions, and yet too far away and experts complain of eye strain and going blind.

Meanwhile, sceptics at local councils, who do not understand the true scientific worth of the study of lapdancing, have objected to full nudity.

As a result, the all-encompassing G-String Theory has been developed for more conservative parts of the country.

Scientists are now hard at work developing the smallest G-strings possible."

in Mirror.co.uk - edição de 10 de Julho 2003


Burocracia Às Malvas!

Este moço caso quinze vezes em três anos, sem se preocupar com o detalhezito dos divórcios intermédios.
Descoberto, encara a situação com calma, e apoia a fundamentação no facto das prévias catorze mulheres terem abandonado o país em busca de trabalho. Além disso, não mostram ciúmes entre si mesmas, segundo o visado.
Não, não se passa em nenhuma nação árabe, nem na comunidade mormon.
Mas coloca uma questão séria sobre a burocracia.... Aposto que lá não há excesso de peso da máquina administrativa do Estado...
Sei lá.

Abraços




Wednesday, July 09, 2003

As férias aproximam-se. Vou finalmente aumentar o meu tempo para colocar a leitura em dia e quem sabe, conseguir arrancar com o malfadado livro que está perro desde o Natal...

Abraços!


Recomendo Tulun e Playa Del Carmen..

Eu já estive em Cancun. E acreditem meus amigos, não vale um caracol, em termos de cidade. Mas os cento e cinquenta quilómetros de costa da península do Yucatan são o paraíso feito local terreno. Água cristalina, selva, monumentos e artesanato, boa comida, enfim, algo saído daqueles postais que parecem sempre tão longínquos...
Por isso entende-se esta guerra parlamentar. Ora caraças.
É óbvio que ir a Genebra é uma seca, ainda por cima tratando-se de protocolos chatos como a potassa, com tipos tão mornos como os Suíços.
Mas isto de Cancun, com as americanas jovens e malucas que lá passam férias, é outra conversa. E lá, além de não existirem escutas telefónicas, a malta é mais descontraída.
Entendo tudo isto.
O que não entendo é a dualidade de critérios, e porque raios sou eu e mais uns otários a largar o Euro para os meninos andarem ás turras relativamente ás férias parlamentares pagas.
Especialmente pelo Guilherme Silva, que em contraste com a sua cassete da contenção, mostra um dentinho afiado para férias nos trópicos, á semelhança do grande Arnauth e o Durão por ocasião dos seus reveillons, dando a imagem "correcta" a um país de cinto apertado por cima da tanga.
Isto é que é Parlamento!
Isto é que é Governação de cara lavada. E eu que andava tão enganado...


Abraços!


Tuesday, July 08, 2003

"Let us learn to show our friendship for a man when he is alive and not after he is dead."-F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby

Esta é uma mania muito recorrente entre a comunidade crítica, que nunca mais parece ter fim. A história tem provado que a crítica muitas vezes se engana, e a imortalidade de alguns génios nunca foi contemporânea de uma vida desgraçada e plena de escárnio por parte daqueles que em bom rigor, classificavam com base numa tendência.

Mas bem mais vasto é o alcance desta premissa. Dos elogios fúnebres ás homenagens póstumas mais variadas, multiplicam-se os encómios quando o destinatário não mais os pode ouvir ou interiorizar.
Eu pergunto-me a razão pela qual a relação entre as pessoas, especialmente na faceta relativa á admiração e estima, se pauta por uma contenção não raras vezes fria?
A expressão de sentimentos ou ideias acerca de alguém bem determinado pode ser das realidades mais complicadas de efectivar, mas torna-se um desperdício bem maior a sua contenção ou o supostamente elegante esconderijo.


Abraços



Que país fantástico deve ser a Irlanda...

Joyce, Stoker, Le Fanu, Wilde... mas que raio têm eles na água, no ar ou na terra?

Como é que um país consegue, em meio a todas as suas contradições, produzir tão magníficos pensadores, homens, imaginários e lendas, música, e em tanta quantidade?

Esta é a minha perplexidade do dia...

Abraços!


"It is something to be able to paint a particular picture, or to carve a statue, and so to make a few objects beautiful; but it is far more glorious to carve and paint the very atmosphere and medium through which we look, which morally we can do. To affect the quality of the day, that is the highest of arts." -Henry David Thoreau

Não sei muito bem como se enquadra esta ideia de melhoria do estado das coisas em termos de posicionamento político. Sinceramente, nem me interessa particularmente. Acho que transcende esta eterna luta de tendências.
Mas a ideia que permanece bem presente é uma espécie de ilustração do óbvio, de missão, que tem aquela virtualidade fantástica de poder realizar-se desde o plano pessoal ao mais abrangente,social ou gregário.
No fundo, contribuir para que as coisas sejam um pouco melhores para o próximo parece-me algo absolutamente irrefutável do ponto de vista da lógica, seja ela assente em preservação natural, social ou individual. E , como Lorenz magnificamente o ilustrou, até mesmo a capacidade para a agressão radica numa necessidade de equilíbrio, de fim tendente a harmonia natural.
Ou seja, a liberdade positiva surge como fenómeno construtivo, tendente a uma naturalidade do ser.

Abraços


Monday, July 07, 2003

Hoje e nos próximos dias estou absolutamente atulhado de trabalho, pelo que as viagens aqui pela blogosfera estão comprometidas. Para os que respiram de alívio, apenas comunico que voltarei em breve, assim que o auferimento do per diem me permita.
Mas algo aconteceu este fim de semana que me deixou absolutamente mal disposto, e que vem um pouco na sequência do que o Aviz escreveu sobre a Paula Bobone, ( vulgo ovni miseravelmente ridiculo e que nem se apercebe de tal, o que é pior...).
Um pouco por todo o fim de semana, ouço casais falarem com os seus rebentos com informalidade. Eu explico:

" Mariana, saia de cima do mano. Não sabe que o seu mano é mais pequeno que a Mariana e pode magoá-lo?"

"Mariana, dê um beijinho á tia e vá brincar com o Gonçalo" - ( Nota, a tia não era tia, obviamente)

"João, não faça isso. O menino está impossível hoje!!"

As duas crianças, de casais diferentes, em locais absolutamente díspares, não ultrapassavam, em caso algum, os cinco anos... Mas o que é que se passa com esta gente??????????

Socorro!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Abraços


Friday, July 04, 2003

Recordo uma pequena entrada de texto de João Pereira Coutinho numa revista do mais alta gabarito ( MAXMEN ) onde dizia com completa convicção que andava pela rua e achava as pessoas grotescas, insuportavelmente distantes do que este senhor achava normal e aceitável. "As pessoas são inacreditavelmente grotescas", dizia.
Poderia dizer que aquilo que me ocorre dizer agora seria motivado por desejo de ser do contra, mas não é essa a ideia. Acho esta afirmação do citado autor uma opinião arrogante e inconsequente, mas não é o desejo de contrariar que motiva as palavras.
A verdade é que apesar de todas as dificuldades e fragilidades do vizinho do lado que caminha na rua, que somos todos uns para os outros, note-se, dou comigo a sentir-me bem quando vejo sorrisos expontâneos, pequenos gestos de amabilidade, uma paragem de autocarro inteira envolvida em conversa bem disposta a propósito de um pequeno evento invulgar ou engraçado, os sorrisos generosos das mulheres e a forma como a sua beleza faísca de forma quase dolorosa perante os dias mais luminosos e quentes.
Recordo uma imagem do Quino, num dos seus magníficos livros de cartoons, onde a premissa da piada era precisamente a contestação para uma boa disposição sem razão aparente. Em termos práticos, mas que razões tens tu para estar bem disposto?
Se calhar nenhuma.
E essa é a melhor de todas.

Abraços



Thursday, July 03, 2003

Com o site meter, no fundo da página mesmo, penso que já poderei agradecer aos que perderam dez segundos por aqui...

Abraços!


Bem, estou impressionado...
Depois de alguns meses de actividade bloguista, finalmente cheguei aos cinquenta visitantes... Quem seriam eles?...
De qualquer forma, para os que não saibam, os comentários a fazer estão indicados por "shout out" porque sendo uma besta ingnorante em informática, ainda não entendi como se muda esta linha de comando no template de HTML.
Almas caridosas, ajudas aceitam-se.

Obrigado aos visitantes pela paciência.

Abraços



Tuesday, July 01, 2003



Para apreciadores de Banda Desenhada do melhor que se faz.
Alan Moore no seu melhor.
Já agora, não percam tudo o que puderem ler de Neil Gaiman.


Li a "Agressão" deste senhor, e raras vezes li um livro de cariz altamente técnico e científico e dito profundamente erudito que fosse tão acessí­vel, dpleno de um optimismo e rigor tão intensos, próprio de quem considera o conhecimento vasto que possui como uma riqueza a partilhar e não um archote de superioridade a exibir.
Tremendamente pedógico, este livro de Lorenz traz uma mensagem de humildade ao género humano que me tocou especialmente, mas se olharmos um pouco para a biografia do autor, contada seguidamente pelo próprio, vemos que o seu percurso também foi rocambolesco e tão diversificado como as suas abordagens.

Há tempos, quando manifestei uma opinião sobre este livro, alguém se referiu a ele como uma qualuqer espécie de propaganda científica e já largamente ultrapassada. A essas pessoas só tenho duas coisas a dizer.

O homem foi prémio Nobel, juntamente com Karl von Frisch, Nikolaas Tinbergen, pela descoberta no campo da Medicina ou Fisiologia, pelo trabalho no campo da descoberta relativa a padróes de comportamento no plano do indivíduo ou de grupos em socialização. Em animais, bem entendido, cuja transposição para os seres humanos, combatendo aquilo que ele designa de arrongância antropologica e consequente receio primevo de misturas ou proximidades ao mundo animal, é tão fantasticamente descrita nos ultimos dois capítulos deste livro.

A segunda, é que ao ler este livro, a minha análise parcialmente empí­rica e informada até onde o tempo lhe permite, não verificou qualquer falta de actualidade, e lamento que a arrogÂncia intelectual de algumas pessoas realmente suponha que a formulação de pensamentos e ideias acerca do mundo onde se vive depende da quantidade de citações que se consegue despejar numa folha de papel ou ecran... Lorenz realmente tem razão, em mais que uma vertente, neste caso.

Deixo-vos com a biografia, muito interessante no meu ponto de vista.


I consider early childhood events as most essential to a man's scientific and philosophical development. I grew up in the large house and the larger garden of my parents in Altenberg. They were supremely tolerant of my inordinate love for animals. My nurse, Resi Führinger, was the daughter of an old patrician peasant family. She possessed a "green thumb" for rearing animals. When my father brought me, from a walk in the Vienna Woods, a spotted salamander, with the injunction to liberate it after 5 days, my luck was in: the salamander gave birth to 44 larvae of which we, that is to say Resi, reared 12 to metamorphosis. This success alone might have sufficed to determine my further career; however, another important factor came in: Selma Lagerlöf's Nils Holgersson was read to me - I could not yet read at that time. From then on, I yearned to become a wild goose and, on realizing that this was impossible, I desperately wanted to have one and, when this also proved impossible, I settled for having domestic ducks. In the process of getting some, I discovered imprinting and was imprinted myself. From a neighbour, I got a one day old duckling and found, to my intense joy, that it transferred its following response to my person. At the same time my interest became irreversibly fixated on water fowl, and I became an expert on their behaviour even as a child.

When I was about ten, I discovered evolution by reading a book by Wilhelm Bölsche and seeing a picture of Archaeopteryx. Even before that I had struggled with the problem whether or not an earthworm was in insect. My father had explained that the word "insect" was derived from the notches, the "incisions" between the segments. The notches between the worm's metameres clearly were of the same nature. Was it, therefore, an insect? Evolution gave me the answer: if reptiles, via the Archaeopteryx, could become birds, annelid worms, so I deduced, could develop into insects. I then decided to become a paleontologist.

At school, I met one important teacher, Philip Heberdey, and one important friend, Bernhard Hellmann. Heberdey, a Benedictine monk, freely taught us Darwin's theory of evolution and natural selection. Freedom of thought was, and to a certain extent still is, characteristic of Austria. Bernhard and I were first drawn together by both being aquarists. Fishing for Daphnia and other "live food" for our fishes, we discovered the richness of all that lives in a pond. We both were attracted by Crustacea, particularly by Cladocera. We concentrated on this group during the ontogenetic phase of collecting through which apparently every true zoologist must pass, repeating the history of his science. Later, studying the larval development of the brine shrimp, we discovered the ressemblance between the Euphyllopod larva and adult Cladocera, both in respect to movement and to structure. We concluded that this group was derived from Euphyllopod ancestors by becoming neotenic. At the time, this was not yet generally accepted by science. The most important discovery was made by Bernhard Hellmann while breeding the aggressive Cichlid Geophagus: a male that had been isolated for some time, would kill any conspecific at sight, irrespective of sex. However, after Bernhard had presented the fish with a mirror causing it to fight its image to exhaustion, the fish would, immediately afterwards, be ready to court a female. In other words, Bernhard discovered, at 17, that "action specific potentiality" can be "dammed up" as well as exhausted.

On finishing high school, I was still obsessed with evolution and wanted to study zoology and paleontology. However, I obeyed my father who wanted me to study medicine. It proved to be my good luck to do so. The teacher of anatomy, Ferdinand Hochstetter, was a brilliant comparative anatomist and embryologist. He also was a dedicated teacher of the comparative method. I was quick to realize not only that comparative anatomy and embryology offered a better access to the problems of evolution than paleontology did, but also that the comparative method was as applicable to behaviour patterns as it was to anatomical structure. Even before I got my medical doctor's degree, I became first instructor and later assistant at Hochstetter's department. Also, I had begun to study zoology at the zoological institute of Prof. Jan Versluys. At the same time I participated in the psychological seminars of Prof. Karl Bühler who took a lively interest in my attempt to apply comparative methods to the study of behaviour. He drew my attention to the fact that my findings contradicted, with equal violence, the opinions held by the vitalistic or "instinctivistic" school of MacDougall and those of the mechanistic or behavioristic school of Watson. Bühler made me read the most important books of both schools, thereby inflicting upon me a shattering disillusionment: none of these people knew animals, none of them was an expert. I felt crushed by the amount of work still undone and obviously devolving on a new branch of science which, I felt, was my responsibility.

Karl Bühler and his assistant Egon Brunswick made me realize that theory of knowledge was indispensable to the observer of living creatures, if he were to fulfill his task of scientific objectivation. My interest in the psychology of perception, which is so closely linked to epistemology, stems from the influence of these two men.

Working as an assistant at the anatomical institute, I continued keeping birds and animals in Altenberg. Among them the jackdaws soon became most important. At the very moment when I got my first jackdaw, Bernhard Hellmann gave me Oskar Heinroth's book "Die Vögel Mitteleuropas". I realized in a flash that this man knew everything about animal behaviour that both, MacDougall and Watson, ignored and that I had believed to be the only one to know. Here, at last, was a scientist who also was an expert! It is hard to assess the influence which Heinroth exerted on the development of my ideas. His classical comparative paper on Anatidae encouraged me to regard the comparative study of behaviour as my chief task in life. Hochstetter generously considered my ethological work as being comparative anatomy of sorts and permitted me to work on it while on duty in his department. Otherwise the papers I produced between 1927 and 1936 would never have been published.

During that period I came to know Wallace Craig. The American Ornitologist Margaret Morse Nice knew about his work and mine and energetically put us into contact. I owe her undying gratitude. Next to Hochstetter and Heinroth, Wallace Craig became my most influential teacher. He criticized my firmly-held opinion that instinctive activities were based on chain reflexes. I myself had demonstrated that long absence of releasing stimuli tends to lower their threshold, even to the point of the activity's eruption in vacuo. Craig pointed out that in the same situation the organism began actively to seek for the releasing stimulus situation. It is obviously nonsense, wrote Craig, to speak of a re-action to a stimulus not yet received. The reason why in spite of the obvious spontaneity of instinctive behaviour, I still clung to the reflex theory, lay in my belief, that any deviation from Sherringtonian reflexology meant a concession to vitalism. So, in the lecture I gave in February 1936 in the Harnackhaus in Berlin, I still defended the reflex theory of instinct. It was the last time I did so.

During that lecture, my wife was sitting behind a young man who obviously agreed with what I said about spontaneity, murmuring all the time: "It all fits in, it all fits in." When, at the end of my lecture, I said that I regarded instinctive motor patterns as chain reflexes after all, he hid his face in his hands and moaned: "Idiot, idiot". That man was Erich von Holst. After the lecture, in the commons of the Harnackhaus, it took him but a few minutes to convince me of the untenability of the reflex theory. The lowering thresholds, the eruption of vacuum activities, the independence of motor patterns of external stimulation, in short all the phenomena I was struggling with, not only could be explained, but actually were to be postulated on the assumption that they were based not on chains of reflexes but on the processes of endogenous generation of stimuli and of central coordination, which had been discovered and demonstrated by Erich von Holst. I regard as the most important break-through of all our attempts to understand animal and human behaviour the recognition of the following fact: the elemental neural organisation underlying behaviour does not consist of a receptor, an afferent neuron stimulating a motor cell and of an effector activated by the latter. Holst's hypothesis which we confidently can make our own, says that the basic central nervous organisation consists of a cell permanently producing endogenous stimulation, but prevented from activating its effector by another cell which, also producing endogenous stimulation, exerts an inhibiting effect. It is this inhibiting cell which is influenced by the receptor and ceases its inhibitory activity at the biologically "right" moment. This hypothesis appeared so promising that the Kaiser-Wilhelmsgesellschaft, now renamed Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, decided to found an institute for the physiology of behavior for Erich von Holst and myself. I am convinced that if he were still alive, he would be here in Stockholm now. At the time, the war interrupted our plans.

When, in autumn 1936, Prof. van der Klaauw convoked a symposium called "Instinctus" in Leiden in Holland, I read a paper on instinct built up on the theories of Erich von Holst. At this symposium I met Niko Tinbergen and this was certainly the event which, in the course of that meeting, brought the most important consequences to myself. Our views coincided to an amazing degree but I quickly realized that he was my superior in regard to analytical thought as well as to the faculty of devising simple and telling experiments. We discussed the relationship between spatially orienting responses (taxes in the sense of Alfred Kühn) and releasing mechanism on one hand, and the spontaneous endogenous motor patterns on the other. In these discussions some conceptualisations took form which later proved fruitful to ethological research. None of us knows who said what first, but it is highly probable that the conceptual separation of taxes, innate releasing mechanisms and fixed motor patterns was Tinbergen's contribution. He certainly was the driving force in a series of experiments which we conducted on the egg-rolling response of the Greylag goose when he stayed with us in Altenberg for several months in the summer of 1937.

The same individual geese on which we conducted these experiments, first aroused my interest in the process of domestication. They were F1 hybrids of wild Greylags and domestic geese and they showed surprising deviations from the normal social and sexual behaviour of the wild birds. I realised that an overpowering increase in the drives of feeding as well as of copulation and a waning of more differentiated social instincts is characteristic of very many domestic animals. I was frightened - as I still am - by the thought that analogous genetical processes of deterioration may be at work with civilized humanity. Moved by this fear, I did a very ill-advised thing soon after the Germans had invaded Austria: I wrote about the dangers of domestication and, in order to be understood, I couched my writing in the worst of nazi-terminology. I do not want to extenuate this action. I did, indeed, believe that some good might come of the new rulers. The precedent narrow-minded catholic regime in Austria induced better and more intelligent men than I was to cherish this naive hope. Practically all my friends and teachers did so, including my own father who certainly was a kindly and humane man. None of us as much as suspected that the word "selection", when used by these rulers, meant murder. I regret those writings not so much for the undeniable discredit they reflect on my person as for their effect of hampering the future recognition of the dangers of domestication.

In 1939 I was appointed to the Chair of Psychology in Köningsberg and this appointment came about through the unlikely coincidence that Erich von Holst happened to play the viola in a quartette which met in Göttingen and in which Eduard Baumgarten played the first violin. Baumgarten had been professor of philosophy in Madison, Wisconsin. Being a pupil of John Dewey and hence a representative of the pragmatist school of philosophy, Baumgarten had some doubts about accepting the chair of philosophy in Köningsberg - Immanuel Kant's chair - which had just been offered to him. As he knew that the chair of psychology was also vacant in Köningsberg, he casually asked Erich von Holst whether he knew a biologically oriented psychologist who was, at the same time, interested in theory of knowledge. Holst knew that I represented exactly this rather rare combination of interests and proposed me to Baumgarten who, together with the biologist Otto Koehler and the botanist Kurt Mothes - now president of the Academia Leopoldina in Halle - persuaded the philosophical faculty in Köningsberg of putting me, a zoologist, in the psychological chair. I doubt whether perhaps the faculty later regretted this choice, I myself, at any rate, gained enormously by the discussions at the meetings of the Kant-Gesellschaft which regularly extended late into the night. My most brillant and instructive opponents in my battle against idealism were the physiologist H. H. Weber, now of the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, and Otto Koehler's late first wife Annemarie. It is to them that I really owe my understanding of Kantian philosophy - as far as it goes. The outcome of these discussions was my paper on Kant's theory of the à priori in the view of Darwinian biology. Max Planck himself wrote a letter to me in which he stated that he thoroughly shared my views on the relationship between the phenomenonal and the real world. Reading that letter gave me the same sort of feeling as hearing that the Nobel Prize had been awarded to me. Years later that paper appeared in the Systems Year Book translated into English by my friend Donald Campbell.

In autumn 1941 I was recruited into the German army as a medical man. I was lucky to find an appointment in the department of neurology and psychiatry of the hospital in Posen. Though I had never practised medicine, I knew enough about the anatomy of the nervous system and about psychiatry to fill my post. Again I was lucky in meeting with a good teacher, Dr. Herbert Weigel, one of the few psychiatrists of the time who took psychoanalysis seriously. I had the opportunity to get some first-hand knowledge about neurosis, particularly hysteria, and about psychosis, particularly schizophrenia.

In spring 1942 I was sent to the front near Witebsk and two months later taken prisoner by the Russians. At first I worked in a hospital in Chalturin where I was put in charge of a department with 600 beds, occupied almost exclusively by cases of so-called field polyneuritis, a form of general inflammation of nervous tissues caused by the combined effects of stress, overexertion, cold and lack of vitamins. Surprisingly, the Russian physicians did not know this syndrome and believed in the effects of diphteria - an illness which also causes a failing of all reflexes. When this hospital was broken up I became a camp doctor, first in Oritschi and later in a number of successive camps in Armenia. I became tolerably fluent in Russian and got quite friendly with some Russians, mostly doctors. I had the occasion to observe the striking parallels between the psychological effects of nazi and of marxist education. It was then that I began to realize the nature of indoctrination as such.

As a doctor in small camps in Armenia I had some time on my hand and I started to write a book on epistemology, since that was the only subject for which I needed no library. The manuscript was mainly written with potassium permanganate solution on cement sacking cut to pieces and ironed out. The Soviet authorities encouraged my writing, but, just when it was about finished, transferred me to a camp in Krasnogorsk near Moscow, with the injunction to type the manuscript and send a copy to the censor. They promised I should be permitted to take a copy home on being repatriated. The prospective date for repatriation of Austrians was approaching and I had cause to fear that I should be kept back because of my book. One day, however, the commander of the camp had me called to his office, asked me, on my word of honor, whether my manuscript really contained nothing but unpolitical science. When I assured him that this was indeed the case, he shook hands with me and forthwith wrote out a "propusk", an order, which said that I was allowed to take my manuscript and my tame starling home with me. By word of mouth he told the convoy officer to tell the next to tell the next and so on, that I should not be searched. So I arrived in Altenberg with manuscript and bird intact. I do not think that I ever experienced a comparable example of a man trusting another man's word. With a few additions and changes the book written in Russia was published under the title "Die Rückseite des Spiegels". This title had been suggested by a fellow prisoner of war in Erivan, by name of Zimmer.

On coming home to Austria in February 1948, I was out of a job and there was no promise of a chair becoming vacant. However, friends rallied from all sides. Otto Storch, professor of zoology, did his utmost and had done so for my wife even before I came back. Otto König and his "Biologische Station Wilhelminenberg", received me like a longlost brother and Wilhelm Marinelli, the second zoologist, gave me the opportunity to lecture at his "Institut für Wissenschaft und Kunst". The Austrian Academy of Sciences financed a small research station in Altenberg with the money donated for that purpose by the English poet and writer J. B. Priestley. We had money to support our animals, no salaries but plenty of enthusiasm and enough to eat, as my wife had given up her medical practice and was running her farm near Tulln. Some remarkable young people were ready to join forces with us under these circumstances. The first was Wolfgang Schleidt, now professor at Garden University 1 near Washington. He built his first amplifier for supersonic utterances of rodents from radio-receivers found on refuse dumps and his first terrarium out of an old bedstead of the same provenance. I remember his carting it home on a wheel-barrow. Next came Ilse and Heinz Prechtl, now professor in Groningen, then Irenäus and Eleonore Eibl-Eibesfeldt, both lady doctors of zoology and good scientists in their own right.

Very soon the international contact of ethologists began to get re-established. In autumn 1948 we had the visit of Professor W. H. Thorpe of Cambridge who had demonstrated true imprinting in parasitic wasps and was interested in our work. He predicted, as Tinbergen did at that time, that I should find it impossible to get an appointment in Austria. He asked me in confidence whether I would consider taking on a lectureship in England. I said that I preferred, for the present, to stick in Austria. I changed my mind soon afterwards: Karl von Frisch who left his chair in Graz, Austria, to go back to Munich, proposed me for his successor and the faculty of Graz unanimously concurred. When the Austrian Ministry of Education which was strictly Catholic again at this time, flatly refused Frisch's and the faculty's proposal, I wrote two letters to Tinbergen and to Thorpe, that I was now ready to leave home. Within an amazingly short time the University of Bristol asked me whether I would consider a lectureship there, with the additional task of doing ethological research on the water-fowl collection of the Severn Wildfowl Trust at Slimbridge. So my friend Peter Scott also must have had a hand in this. I replied in the affirmative, but, before anything was settled, the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft intervened offering me a research station adjunct to Erich von Holst's department. It was a hard decision to take; finally I was swayed by the consideration that, with Max Planck, I could take Schleidt, Prechtl and Eibl with me. Soon afterwards, my research station in Buldern in Westfalia was officially joined to Erich von Holst's department in a newly-founded " Max-Planck-Institut für Verhaltensphysiologie". Erich von Holst convoked the international meeting of ethologists in 1949. With the second of these symposia, Erich von Holst and I celebrated the coming-true of our dream in Buldern in autumn 1950.

Returning to my research work, I at first confined myself to pure observation of waterfowl and of fish in order to get in touch again with real nature from which I had been separated so long. Gradually, I began to concentrate on the problems of aggressivity, of its survival function and on the mechanisms counteracting its dangerous effects. Fighting behaviour in fish and bonding behaviour in wild geese soon became the main objects of my research. Looking again at these things with a fresh eye, I realized how much more detailed a knowledge was necessary, just as my great co-laureate Karl von Frisch found new and interesting phenomena in his bees after knowing them for several decades, so, I felt, the observation of my animals should reveal new and interesting facts. I found good co-workers and we all are still busy with the same never-ending quest.

A major advance in ethological theory was triggered in 1953 by a violent critique by Daniel D. Lehrmann who impugned the validity of the ethological concept of the innate. As Tinbergen described it, the community of ethologists was humming like a disturbed bee-hive. At a discussion arranged by Professor Grassé in Paris, I said that Lehrmann, in trying to avoid the assumption of innate knowledge, was inadvertently postulating the existence of an "innate school-marm". This was meant at a reduction to the absurd and shows my own error: it took me years to realize that this error was identical with that committed by Lehrmann and consisted in conceiving of the "innate" and of the "learned" as of disjunctive contradictory concepts. I came to realize that, of course, the problem why learning produces adaptive behaviour, rests exclusively with the "innate school-marm", in other words with the phylogenetically programmed teaching mechanism. Lehrmann came to realize the same and on this realisation we became friends. In 1961 I published a paper "Phylogenetische Anpassung und adaptive Modifikation des Verhaltens", which I later expanded into a book called "Evolution and Modification of Behaviour" (Harvard University Press, 1961).

Until late in my life I was not interested in human behaviour and less in human culture. It was probably my medical background that aroused my awareness of the dangers threatening civilized humanity. It is sound strategy for the scientist not to talk about anything which one does not know with certainty. The medical man, however, is under the obligation to give warning whenever he sees a danger even if he only suspects its existence. Surprisingly late, I got involved with the danger of man's destruction of his natural environment and of the devastating vicious circle of commercial competition and economical growth. Regarding culture as a living system and considering its disturbances in the light of illnesses led me to the opinion that the main threat to humanity's further existence lies in that which may well be called mass neurosis. One might also say that the main problems with which humanity is faced, are moral and ethical problems.

Todate I have just retired from my directorship at the Max-Planck-Institut für Verhaltensphysiologie in Seewiesen, Germany, and am at work building up a department of animal sociology pertaining to the Institut für Vergleichende Verhaltensforschung of the Austrian Academy of Science.


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1. According to Professor Wolfgang Schleidt, on July 22 1998, there is no Garden University. He was professor at the University of Maryland, College Park Campus from 1965 to 1985.

From Les Prix Nobel 1973.

Dr Lorenz died in 1989.





Abraços!


Berlusconi inicia hoje o seu périplo na condução da UE.
Perante o manancial de escândalos e da impunidade que este senhor nem sequer se coibe de mostrar ostensivamente, é caso para perguntar o que passa pela cabeça da nação italiana.
Felizmente a lei medida criada pelo Corleone do Governo italiano está em análise pelo Supremo Tribunal Italiano, devido ao seu carácter inconstitucional.
São seis meses. Veremos a desgraça que nos sobrevirá com a governação gangster... enfim...

Abraços



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